MENDAMPINGI SESEORANG YANG KEHILANGAN ORANG YANG DICINTAI AKIBAT BUNUH DIRI

Hampir satu juta orang meninggal diakibatkan bunuh diri setiap tahun. Kondisi tersebut tidak hanya berdampak pada penyintas bunuh diri dan orang dengan issue kesehatan mental yang bersinggungan dengan keinginan bunuh diri. Orang-orang terdekat yang kehilangan orang terdekat, yang merasa sangat kehilangan orang yang dicintai akibat bunuh diri. Fase kehilangan yang dihadapi tidak hanya fase kehilangan yang lumrah terjadi pada orang yang meninggal dengan cara yang alami. Kasus Goo Hara, idol K-Pop yang melakukan bunuh diri dengan salah satu alasannya adalah sahabat terdekatnya sesama idol K-Pop yaitu Sulli juga melakukan bunuh diri di tahun sebelumnya.

Diketahui seseorang yang mengalami kehilangan akibat bunuh diri merasa syok, marah, merasa bersalah, merasa putus asa dan merasa bingung. Berita tentang kematian akibat bunuh diri, tentu saja sangat mengejutkan bagi orang terdekat, rasa tidak percaya mengapa hal tersebut dilakukan. Perasaan marah baik kepada orang tersebut atau marah kepada diri sendiri karena tidak peka dengan sinyal-sinyal sebelum tindakan bunuh diri tersebut dilakukan, atau marah mengapa orang yang disayangi melakukan hal terkutuk tersebut.  Di sisi lain ada juga rasa bersalah yang muncul, ada yang merasa sebagai penyebab dari tindakan tersebut, atau merasa kurang memberikan support untuk orang terkasihnya. 

Rasa putus asa mungkin juga dialami oleh orang terdekat, sebagai orang yang juga mengalami pengalaman hidup yang sama. Kondisi ini yang dapat memicu orang tersebut juga melakukan bunuh diri. Hal tersebut tidak lepas dari fase kehilangan yang berbeda dengan fase kehilangan “normal” yang seharusnya. Ada kondisi memicu kondisi yang dikenal sebagai kesedihan yang rumit—di mana kesedihan dan rasa sakit kehilangan menetap dan tidak terselesaikan , tidak mereda dari waktu ke waktu, dan seperti menghambat seseorang untuk melanjutkan hidup. Hal tersebut dapat berlarut-larut dab menyebabkan mati rasa, terasing, dan hampa, serta tidak dapat menerima kematian orang yang dicintai, bahkan mungkin merasa bahwa hidup tidak layak untuk dijalani.

Kondisi seseorang terdekat yang mengalami bunuh diri mengalami stigma negatif dari lingkungan akibat bunuh diri. Kondisi keluarga yang mengalami stigma, kemarahan, dan rasa bersalah yang digambarkan di atas terkait dengan kehilangan bunuh diri, kepastian, dukungan, dan informasi yang diberikan oleh keluarga, teman, dan rohaniawan, baik ustadz maupun pendeta, tidak tersedia atau cukup untuk orang yang kehilangan akibat bunuh diri. Untuk itu perlu perhatian awal harus difokuskan pada tekanan traumatis, dan support dari kelompok atau komunitas.

Kesedihan yang rumit juga dapat menyebabkan depresi berat, trauma psikologis, atau gangguan stres pasca-trauma (PTSD). Pikiran yang mengganggu, emosi yang mengganggu, dan kecemasan terus-menerus yang menghalangi keberfungsi dalam rutinitas harian. Jika mengalami depresi atau trauma, penting untuk mencari bantuan professional untuk mendapatkan terapi yang sesuai dalam proses penyembuhan.

Bunuh diri merupakan issue kesehatan mental yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian yang cukup serius saat ini. Angka kenaikan kejadian yang diakibatkan oleh bunuh diri meningkat setiap tahunnya, berdampak tidak hanya pada pelaku, survivor, akan tetapi juga berdampak pada orang-orang terdekat dari orang yang meninggal akibat bunuh diri. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan pendampingan yang sesuai melalui support akibat stigma, support kelompok dan ke professional jika memang mengalami gejala-gejala seperti PTSD maupun depresi.

 

Penulis: Tri Nurul Hidayati

 

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

  1. Ilanit Tal Young, dkk. 2012. Suicide Bereavement and Complicated Grief. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2012 Jun; 14(2): 177–186. Diakses pada tanggal 23 Desember 2022 pada Jam 13.00 di https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3384446/
  2. Xavier Alvarez-Subiela,dkk. 2022.Family Factors Related to Suicidal Behavior in Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. Diakses pada tanggal 23 Desember 2022 pada Jam 13.00 di https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/16/9892/pdf

 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                

Penulis: 
Tri Nurul Hidayati, S.Kep
Sumber: 
Perawat Rumah Sakit Jiwa Daerah

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